definition includes only those were seeking jobs within the past four weeks. For example, as to the criterion of seeking work, Japan's definition includes not only persons who made arrangements to take up paid employment or undertake a self-employment activity within the past one week but also those who were waiting for the results of the past job seeking activities. However, fine points are slightly different because each nation has its own employment situation. So, the unemployment rates are comparable between the countries. Both countries adopted the definition of "the unemployed" for all persons who during the reference period were: (1) "without work", (2) "currently available for work", (3) "seeking work". The Labour Force Survey is conducted in accordance with ILO international standards both in Japan and the U.S. Which industry are dispatched workers classified into, "the dispatching" industry or "dispatched" industry? The White Paper on the Labour Economy 2007 by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare defines "freeters" as those aged between 15 and 34, graduate in the case of male, graduate and single in the case of female and, (1) for those currently employed, who are treated as part-time or arbeit workers by their employers, (2) for those currently unemployed, who seek the part-time or arbeit jobs and (3) for those not currently employed, who are neither engaged in household duties, attending educational institutions nor waiting to start a new job, and wish to find part-time or arbeit jobs. Those other than the above are regarded as not in the labour force. On the other hand, those who during the reference period did not work at all, sought work, or waited for the results of job-seeking activities, and were available for work are regarded as unemployed. In other words, those who during the reference period performed some work are regarded as employed. Those called "freeters" are classified as either employed, unemployed or not in the labour force, depending on their employment status during the reference period. The ILO adopted the "Current" method, which is more suitable for grasping the employment and unemployment status because of its clear definition, and is further narrowing the definition. On the other hand, the "Current" method has a disadvantage of being more affected by the reference period or a temporary situation during that period, while it has an advantage of clear definition. The "Usual" method has an advantage of being less affected by the reference period or a temporary situation during that period, while it has a disadvantage that the survey results heavily depend on respondents' interpretation of their usual situation due to ambiguity of the definition "Usual".
There are two methods of determining the employment status: the "Usual" method in which the employment status is determined based on the usual status, and the "Current(actual)" method in which it is determined based on the existence of activities during a certain period of time. What is the definition of the employed and unemployed? The number of the employed and unemployed, the unemployment rate, and other information derived from this survey provides a significant indicator of the employment trend in Japan. Survey staff in every part of Japan distribute questionnaires to randomly designated households and collect them after they have been completed. The Labour Force Survey asks them about their employment and unemployment status. These household members are approximately 100,000 in number.
Definition of freeter trial#
The Labour Force Survey has been undertaken on a nation-wide scale since July 1947 following a trial period of about a year that began in September 1946.Īt present, the targets of the survey are the members aged 15 years old and over of about 40,000 households selected at random from the whole country. The main objective of the Labour Force Survey is to obtain basic material based upon which various kinds of administrative policies, such as hiring policies, are executed by revealing the employment and unemployment status in Japan.
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